Medical field works to reduce number of surgical mistakes

The bullet that struck Larney Johnson while he was playing basketball with friends punctured his kidney before lodging in his spine and immediately paralyzing him.

Paramedics rushed him to California Hospital Medical Center in Los Angeles, where surgeons repaired his kidney. But three years later, he said, doctors made a startling discovery: a surgical sponge had been left behind.

Johnson had to undergo a second operation to remove the sponge before spending six weeks in bed recovering.

"They are supposed to count every this and every that," said Johnson, 21. "Obviously someone didn't do the job."

Surgical errors have attracted widespread attention over the past several years, leading to new laws and policies. In 2007, California started requiring hospitals to report certain errors and fining them if the mistakes killed or seriously injured patients. The next year, Medicare stopped paying hospitals for the costs associated with certain errors. In 2011, Medicaid announced that it also would stop paying to fix certain preventable mistakes.

Nevertheless, about 2,000 patients nationwide have surgical material inadvertently left behind each year during operations. The errors have occurred during all types of procedures, including knee replacements, caesarean sections and gallbladder surgeries. The most common item left behind is a surgical sponge, but doctors have also left needles, gauze and other instruments inside patients.

A recent study by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine researchers estimated that surgeons leave sponges or other items inside patients about 39 times a week. The researchers analyzed medical malpractice judgments and out-of-court settlements on preventable hospital errors between 1990 and 2010 and identified about 4,860 malpractice payments connected to surgical items left behind. Only a fraction of the cases result in malpractice judgments.

In California alone, hospitals have reported such incidents more than 850 times over the last five years, according to the state's Department of Public Health. Of those, nearly 70 resulted in penalties against the hospitals because of the danger posed to the patient. Last week, the department issued fines to four hospitals for leaving surgical items inside patients. One involved a sponge used during a heart bypass surgery, even though the physician declared at the end of the operation that all the sponges used in the operation were accounted for. Typically, surgical teams count sponges and instruments before and after operations.

Experts say it's very rare for surgeons to mistakenly leave items inside patients given how many operations are performed each day in the U.S.

The problem occurs because hospitals lack effective practices to prevent the errors, said Verna Gibbs, a surgeon at UC San Francisco Medical Center and director of NoThing Left Behind, a surgical safety program.

"You can't just go to the individual nurses, or the individual doctors," she said. "You have to address the practices. Unless the hospitals change the practices of both, we will continue to have retained surgical items."

About 80% of the time there is a sponge retained, Gibbs said, the team had declared that the count was correct. People can make errors while counting, so hospitals need to instead focus on creating a way for them to always know that the sponges are accounted for, she said. One way is by making sure that every sponge used in surgery goes into a plastic holder after the operation. If the nurses or surgeons see an empty pocket, then they know one is missing.

New technologies can help surgical teams get it right. For example, surgeons can use sponges with a sort of bar code that has to be scanned at the beginning and end of surgery. Or they can wave a wand over the patient to detect sponges with radio frequency identification tags.

Gibbs also urges surgeons and nurses to work together to minimize errors.

Even with the new technologies and teamwork, humans are still going to make mistakes, said David Perrott, senior vice president and chief medical officer of the California Hospital Assn. Hospitals around the state are working with Gibbs and others to try to change the culture at hospitals and minimize the chance for those errors to occur, he said.

"We take this seriously," he said. "We have seen significant improvements ? but we need to do better."

The state Department of Public Health is also continuing to look at the issue, recently commissioning a study by UC Davis on preventing such mistakes. In addition, the department is proposing new regulations to allow fines for surgical errors even when they haven't caused serious harm to the patients.

Patients may not realize the problem for weeks, months or even years. Doctors usually discover a sponge when it causes an infection, or when a mass develops around it.

In Johnson's case, following the 2006 shooting and emergency operation, he had pain and recurring bladder infections. His urologist ordered a scan and discovered the sponge.

Johnson had the second operation at Marina del Rey Hospital. Johnson said he was frustrated by what happened but also relieved it wasn't something even more severe than a sponge. He has a new scar on his side but has not had any long-term repercussions from the retained sponge, he said.

The family sued the hospital and accepted a settlement but could not talk about the details because of a confidentiality agreement. Johnson said he never received an apology from the surgeon or the hospital.

The hospital released a statement saying that officials took the case "very seriously" and conducted a thorough investigation. Hospital officials also instituted a "team approach" to counting surgical sponges and instruments both before and after each procedure. "There has not been an event like this since," the statement read.

Johnson's mother, Sheila, said the experience was like something from a medical television drama, not something that she would have ever expected to happen to her son. Regardless of who is to blame, there needs to be more accountability so errors like this don't occur again, she said.

"You lose your faith in the medical system," she said. "It's not like you can just take a tag off of a garment. You have to be cut again."

anna.gorman@latimes.com

Source: http://feeds.latimes.com/~r/latimes/news/science/~3/41zu18MOftU/la-me-surgical-errors-20121221,0,3557450.story

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Include Me, OUT! Calmconfidentme | PRLog

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Source: http://www.prlog.org/12048664-include-me-out-calmconfidentme.html

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Adding More Bricks to the Great Firewall of China - NYTimes.com

HONG KONG ? China appears to have reinforced its Internet firewall in recent days, blocking some of the leading services that allow people on the mainland to access forbidden sites like Twitter, Facebook and YouTube.

International business transactions also are being affected, Internet analysts said. The Chinese-language edition of The New York Times remains 100 percent blocked.

At least three foreign companies ? Astrill, WiTopia and StrongVPN ? have apologized to customers whose virtual private networks, or VPNs, have been slowed or disabled. VPNs are used to circumvent the Communist government?s firewall. The companies, meanwhile, were suggesting some work-arounds.

The daily newspaper Global Times, affiliated with the Communist Party, acknowledged the firewall had been ?upgraded,? but it also warned that foreign providers of VPN services were operating illegally.

China blocks online searches of politically sensitive terms, smothers embarrassing news events, blocks online messages from dissidents and simply deletes any microblog posts that it dislikes.

The firewall also blocks countless Web sites that are openly available to users elsewhere around the world ? from pornography sites and commercial come-ons to news reporting, political activism and religious proselytizing. Users on the mainland thus have to use VPNs to reach the banned sites.

Liu Xiao Ming, the Chinese ambassador to Britain, told the BBC on Friday that there was ?a misconception about the Internet and development in China.?

?In fact, the Chinese are very much open in terms of the Internet,? he said, quoted in an article in The South China Morning Post. ?In fact, we have the most number of Internet users in China today.?

An estimated 600 million Chinese have access to the Internet.

Foreign businesses also use VPNs not only to safeguard their transactions but also to keep government censors and rival companies from seeing their corporate communications.

Global Times quoted an anonymous executive at a foreign technology company operating in China who said the lack of a VPN would damage the firm?s operations.

Josh Ong, China editor of the tech monitoring site The Next Web, said in an interview with the Voice of America that international companies were reporting disruptions in their corporate VPN services.

?A lot of companies have a general policy that they must use their own proxy network in order to transfer data, especially into and out of China,? Mr. Ong said. ?So you are looking at banks or e-commerce companies, anyone who is transferring very sensitive information, a lot of them use corporate VPNs.?

Mr. Ong suggested that the tightening of the firewall could be tied to the recent leadership change in the Chinese Communist Party.

?It is certainly possible that some of it is just a general flexing of might, kind of coming in with a strong arm to really show who?s in control,? he said. ?But there is definitely something intentional happening when these VPN services are being restricted.?

As Bill Bishop wrote recently on DealBook, China?s management of the Internet ?has not been encouraging for those who want to believe the leadership will push reforms.?

?I have lived in Beijing since 2005, and these have been the most draconian few days of Internet restrictions I have experienced,? he said last month.

?Indiscriminate blocking of major parts of the global Internet is not going to help China in its quest to internationalize the renminbi and make it a reserve currency,? Bill said. ?Internet controls at the level of the last few days may also deter foreign firms from moving their regional headquarters to China.?

Barbara Demick of The Los Angeles Times bureau in Beijing offered this cautionary tweet:

My colleagues Sharon LaFraniere and David Barboza wrote about similar concerns over China?s Internet censorship last year, and they spoke to Duncan Clark, chairman of BDA China, an investment and strategy consultancy based in Beijing.

?It has been double the guard, and double the guard, and you never hear proclamations about things being relaxed,? said Mr. Clark, a 17-year resident of China. ?We have never seen this level of control in the time I have been here, and I have been here since the beginning of the Internet.?

Source: http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/23/adding-more-bricks-to-the-great-firewall-of-china/

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Is the NRA push for guns in schools crazy? It depends on where you live.

Reaction to the NRA?s controversial proposal to have armed guards in all schools illustrates the regional divide over guns ? how and even whether to control the nation?s private arsenal.

By Patrik Jonsson,?Staff writer / December 22, 2012

Josh Nelson speaks after his group was denied entrance to the Williard InterContinental Hotel where they wanted to deliver a petition to the National Rifle Association Friday.

Cliff Owen/AP

Enlarge

Breaking its silence in the wake of the Sandy Hook school massacre, the National Rifle Association has added to the emotional national debate on gun control by calling for armed guards at schools.

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The announcement of a taskforce, led by former US Rep. Asa Hutchinson, to create a national "school shield" model came after NRA chief lobbyist Wayne LaPierre blamed violent popular culture and "gun free zones" for informing "every insane killer in America that schools are the safest places to inflict maximum mayhem with minimum risk."

The press conference, which was punctuated by protesters shouting, "The NRA has blood on its hands," capped a week of roiling debate that made it clear that the country is far from united on how to stop gunmen from breaching school defenses and attacking children.

Recommended:?Second Amendment Quiz

Whether epitomizing a red-blue or rural-urban divide, the NRA's response stood in stark philosophical contrast to calls for assault weapons bans and other restrictions coming from many gun control advocates, including President Obama. This week, Mr. Obama announced a White House anti-gun violence task force, led by Vice President Joe Biden, which met for the first time on Thursday as it aims to return recommendations within 30 days.

All of this come a week after, 20-year-old Adam Lanza armed himself with an assault rifle, handguns, and hundreds of bullets, forcing himself into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut, killing 20 children and six school staffers before shooting himself .

The open question is whether Americans will be able to look beyond the emotional sniping from both sides of the debate to find local solutions to keeping schools safe while safeguarding the constitutional right to own and carry guns for sporting purposes or self-defense.

"I think both sides need to give up something now,"?says?Burke Strunsky, a senior homicide prosecutor in the Riverside, Calif., district attorney's office.

"People advocating for strong gun control have to come to terms with [recent Supreme Court decisions affirming the right to bear arms] and the pro-gun side needs to come to terms with a patent reality, that the proliferation of guns is having a major effect on the number of gun-related homicides that are happening," he says. ?If both sides can get over their reluctance to admit what is obvious, I think we're going to get a lot further in the debate.?

But for now, the nation appeared to be coalescing along divergent paths where actual policy changes may have more to do with state residency than federal citizenship, not to mention political leanings of elected representatives.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/V0YsSmazA1A/Is-the-NRA-push-for-guns-in-schools-crazy-It-depends-on-where-you-live

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Mass. braces for Senate race as Kerry gets SOS nod

BOSTON (AP) ? Massachusetts voters weary from one of the nation's costliest and most divisive U.S. Senate races are facing yet another tumultuous election following President Obama's nomination of Sen. John Kerry as secretary of state.

If confirmed by the Senate, Kerry would resign the seat he's held for nearly three decades, sparking a special election ? the state's third Senate contest since 2010.

And there's no shortage of possible contenders.

At the top of the list is the Republican incumbent, Sen. Scott Brown, who last month lost his seat to Democratic challenger Elizabeth Warren.

On the Democratic side there's no clear front-runner. Possible candidates include the son of the late Sen. Edward M. Kennedy, Ted Kennedy Jr., and Democratic House members Michael Capuano, Edward Markey, Stephen Lynch, and Niki Tsongas.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/mass-braces-senate-race-kerry-gets-sos-nod-080318828--election.html

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Foreclosures in Centerville GA 31028, November 2012

Foreclosures in Centerville GA 31028, November 2012The month of November saw more of the same?another month of very few?Foreclosures in Centerville GA 31028. ?While this is discouraging for investors, it is good news for the rest of the market.

Currently, there are only 6 Foreclosures in Centerville GA, ranging in price from $61,950 to $349,900 and square footage from 1,326 up to 3,820.

In November, 2 new foreclosure properties made their way onto the Centerville real estate market. The details for these homes are as follows (address, price, heated sq feet, subdivision, year built):

  • 109 Chase Circle, $61,950, 1326, George Place, 1986
  • 116 Bartlett Way, $349,900, 3820, Orchards @ Grove Pointe, 2006

For a complete list of available Centerville real estate, visit Homes for Sale in Centerville or call me at (478) 960-8055 (C) / (478) 953-8595 x227 (O) so we can discuss your housing needs.

Foreclosures in Houston County Georgia

Bonaire GA Foreclosures ? 31005

Byron GA Foreclosures ? 31008

Centerville GA Foreclosures ? 31028

Kathleen GA Foreclosures ? 31047

Perry GA Foreclosures ? 31069

Warner Robins GA Foreclosures ? 31088

Foreclosures in Centerville GA 31028, November 2012

View Foreclosures in Centerville GA 31028, November 2012 in a larger map

Statistics represent ONLY available foreclosure single family homes, condos, and townhouses in Centerville GA for the month listed.? (Source: CGMLS).? Information is deemed reliable, but not guaranteed.

?

About Anita Clark Realtor

Anita Clark has written 884 posts on this blog.

Anita Clark Realtor+ sells Warner Robins Real Estate and provides community information as a service to the public. You can contact her at (478) 960-8055 or via email at anita@cbssk.com.

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Source: http://sellingwarnerrobins.com/2012/12/foreclosures-in-centerville-ga-31028-november-2012/

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More shoes showing up under Christmas tree

In this photo of Friday, Oct. 12, 2012, customers shop for Rudsak shoes at Macy's shoe department in New York. Shoes are coming out of the closet and landing under the Christmas tree. They're a top seller this holiday season _ a big feat considering they don't usually make peoples' gift lists. (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan)

In this photo of Friday, Oct. 12, 2012, customers shop for Rudsak shoes at Macy's shoe department in New York. Shoes are coming out of the closet and landing under the Christmas tree. They're a top seller this holiday season _ a big feat considering they don't usually make peoples' gift lists. (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan)

In this photo of Friday, Oct. 12, 2012, customers shop at Macy's shoe department in New York. Shoes are coming out of the closet and landing under the Christmas tree. They're a top seller this holiday season _ a big feat considering they don't usually make peoples' gift lists. (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan)

In this photo of Friday, Oct. 12, 2012, customers shop at Macy's shoe department in New York. Shoes are coming out of the closet and landing under the Christmas tree. They're a top seller this holiday season _ a big feat considering they don't usually make peoples' gift lists. (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan)

NEW YORK (AP) ? Shoes are coming out of the closet and landing under the Christmas tree. They're a top seller this holiday season ? a big feat considering most years they don't even make gift lists.

Laranda Williams, 39, used to buy clothing, tools and electronics as presents for her family. This year, though, she looked at their feet and got inspired. She bought some Vans sneakers for one of her sons, two pairs of stilettos for a girlfriend of another son, and Nike running shoes for her husband.

"Electronics and clothing get redundant," said Williams, who lives in Clarksville, Tenn. "Shoes are just the wow. I know they're going to use it, and I know they're going to love it."

The shoe-gifting fetish is part of a larger trend of shoppers buying loved ones gifts that they not only like, but also can use. It's this habit of practicality that Americans have been clinging to throughout the economic downturn.

This holiday season, it's meant that mom might not buy Molly an extravagant evening gown she'll maybe wear once. But mom may splurge on $600 Jimmy Choo pumps if Molly needs work shoes or $150 Nike sneakers if her daughter's an avid runner.

"It's about practicality and splurging at the same time," said Marshal Cohen, chief research analyst at NPD Inc., a market research firm. "There's a sense of, 'I know what you need but you haven't gotten it for yourself.'"

As a result, footwear was the fifth most popular gift on shoppers' lists on the day after Thanksgiving known as Black Friday, the biggest shopping day of the year, according to NPD. A year ago, shoes didn't even make it into the top 10 gifts for the season.

Overall, sales of cross training shoes rose 16 percent to $197.8 million, and sales of basketball shoes rose 18.7 percent to $353.5 million for the three months ending in November. During that same period, sales of women's fashion footwear grew 3.2 percent to $6.12 billion.

Chelsey Gates, manager of Chuckies New York, a designer shoe store on the Manhattan borough of New York City, said she's seen more men buying shoes for the women in her life. One of the most popular gifts: Chelsea Paris gold trim ankle-high boots for $695.

"Men come in with cards with perfect instructions: style numbers, sizes and prices," she said.

The trend comes as stores have been trying to find ways to boost sales of shoes, which can carry profit margins of up to 50 percent.

As part of Macy's overhaul of its New York flagship store, the department store combined three different shoe departments and expanded their overall size by 10 percent. The new department has 250,000 pairs of shoes, including everything from $99 Nine West leopard print platform pumps to $400 Donald Pliner multi-colored pumps.

"Women love shoes. This is a category that they care about," said Muriel Gonzalez, an executive vice president at Macy's.

This fall, Saks Fifth Avenue also beefed up shoe departments in about a dozen of its stores. The move continues the luxury retailer's efforts at its flagship New York City store, which it first expanded in 2007 to include more shoes, better service and more stock room capability.

The flagship shoe department, which got a second remake this fall, now takes over the 8th floor, which previously also housed a gift area. The department, which is 40 percent larger, now is the second most productive department in terms of sales per square foot, behind the main floor, which sells cosmetics.

In the past few weeks, Elizabeth Kanfer, Saks' senior fashion and co-brand director for women's accessories, said the retailer has noticed boyfriends or husbands walking in with their significant others and buying a pair of shoes that cost at least $595. She declined to offer sales figures.

"There has been a resurgence of footwear easily in the last six years," Kanfer said. "You can easily upgrade your wardrobe with a pair of shoes."

Even smaller chains are trying to cash in on the trend. Fleet Feet Sports-Chicago, a two-store chain of running and fitness apparel, launched a gift registry this year that allows people to record their preferred brand, style, color, size, width and model of shoe from hundreds of options.

Catherine Moloznik, Fleet Feet's product manager, said so far in December, shoe sales are up about 20 percent compared with a year ago, in part because of the registry.

"Shoes have turned the corner in the gift category," said Robert Burke, a New York-based fashion consultant. "They've become the new handbag."

Owen Badillo, 35, certainly never thought of buying shoes as gifts for others in the past. But this season he bought two pairs of $30 Asics running shoes for his 28-year-old sister, who's a mother of two small children and a runner.

Badillo said he's more confident in his gift this year than last year when he ran around trying to pick up clothes for his sister, not really knowing "what she wanted." This year, he said it was clear what she needed.

"Her shoes are all torn up. So I am focusing on what she really needs," said Badillo, who lives in Oklahoma City and works at an oil and gas company.

_______

AP Writer Ashley Heher in Chicago contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2012-12-23-Shoes-Holiday%20Gift/id-13bb3909b96d4c7f89b2e7d6a3ffdc0d

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PFT: Sanchez and Tebow riding pine on Sunday

Lomas Brown LionsGetty Images

Former Lions offensive tackle and current ESPN analyst Lomas Brown made a startling confession in a radio interview on Friday: Brown said that he once purposely missed a block because he wanted the man he was supposed to block, Packers defensive end Sean Jones, to injure Lions quarterback Scott Mitchell.

In an interview on ESPN Radio, Brown said that in a 1994 game, he purposely whiffed on Jones so that Jones could get a clean shot on Mitchell. Sure enough, Brown got his intended result, as Mitchell was knocked out of the game.

?We were playing Green Bay in Milwaukee,? Brown said. ?We were getting beat, 24-3, at that time and he just stunk up the place. He?s throwing interceptions, just everything. So I looked at Kevin Glover, our All-Pro center and I said, ?Glove, that is it.? I said, ?I?m getting him out the game.? . . . So I got the gator arms on the guy at the last minute, he got around me, he hit Scott Mitchell, he did something to his finger . . . and he came out the game. [Lions backup quarterback] Dave Krieg came in the game.?

Host Ryen Russillo expressed shock that Brown would admit such a thing, but Brown showed no remorse.

?As you can tell, I?m just not a big fan of Scott Mitchell. He?s just not on my Christmas list. He won?t be getting any Christmas presents from me this year,? Brown said.

The Detroit Free Press notes that while Brown misremembered some of the details of the game, his basic description of what happened adds up: Jones drilled Mitchell with a hit that broke a finger on Mitchell?s passing hand, and Mitchell was replaced by Krieg. As Brown correctly recalled, Mitchell was having a terrible game, but Krieg played well in relief for the rest of that game and played well for the Lions the rest of the season.

Brown seems proud of himself about being the one who caused the team to change quarterbacks, but he shouldn?t be. There?s never an excuse for a football player to step onto the field and not give his best effort, but to fail to give your best effort because you want one of your teammates to get injured is totally unacceptable. For Brown to laugh about it all these years later, as if he?s glad that his actions caused a teammate to suffer an injury, is disgraceful.

And for Brown, who is suing the NFL because he says the NFL didn?t do enough to protect players from concussions, to celebrate the fact that he once stood by and allowed an opponent to take an injury-causing free shot at a teammate, is pitiful.

Source: http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2012/12/21/sanchez-is-expected-to-be-no-2-on-sunday/related/

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Researchers discover genetic basis for eczema, new avenue to therapies

Dec. 21, 2012 ? Researchers at Oregon State University have announced the discovery of an underlying genetic cause of atopic dermatitis, a type of eczema most common in infancy that also affects millions of adults around the world with dry, itchy and inflamed skin lesions.

The findings were just published in PLoS ONE, a professional journal, and may set the stage for new therapeutic approaches to this frustrating syndrome, which is difficult to treat and has no known cure. Eczema is also related to, and can sometimes cause asthma, a potentially deadly immune dysfunction.

Pharmaceutical scientists at OSU found in laboratory studies that eczema can be triggered by inadequate Ctip2, a protein and master regulator that affects other genetic functions. They have identified two ways in which improper function of Ctip2 can lead to eczema.

In a recent publication, they found that Ctip2 controls lipid biosynthesis in the skin, the fats that are needed to help keep skin healthy and hydrated. In the new study, they discovered that Ctip2 suppresses TSLP, a cytokine protein produced by skin cells that can trigger inflammation.

Levels of this inflammatory TSLP, which is ordinarily undetectable in human skin, were found to be 1,000 times higher in laboratory animals that had been genetically modified to have no Ctip2 production in their skin.

"In these studies, we've basically shown that inadequate Ctip2 is reducing the lipids in skin that it needs to stay healthy, protect itself and perform its function," said Arup Indra, an associate professor in the OSU College of Pharmacy. "At the same time this can allow unwanted formation of proteins that trigger inflammation. The skin's ability to resist inflammation is going down just as the amount of inflammation is going up, and the underlying reason is that Ctip2 is not doing its job."

"Either or both of these problems can lead to eczema," Indra said.

Atopic dermatitis is associated with a dysfunctional immune response, but researchers have never understood the underlying cause. Existing treatments use moisturizers to try to protect skin, and in difficult cases powerful steroid drugs can help, but they often have significant unwanted side effects, especially in long-term use.

"With a better understanding of just what is causing eczema on a genetic basis, we should be able to personalize treatments, determine exactly what each person needs, and develop new therapies," Indra said. "This might be with topical compounds that increase Ctip2 expression in skin cells, or customized treatments to restore an individual person's lipid profile. In the future, systemic epigenetic modification might even be possible."

The creation at OSU of the laboratory model to study this issue is also of considerable importance, Indra said. There's evidence it could be used to screen for drugs with potent anti-inflammatory activities.

Eczema is a persistent skin rash that can be fairly common in infants or youth, which some research indicates may be linked to food or pollen allergens. Most people outgrow it as they reach adulthood, but some suffer from the debilitating condition their entire life.

"Our skin is the largest organ in the human body and one of the most important," Indra said. "It's our first barrier of defense, is in a constant battle against external insults, is influenced by both genetics and the environment, and has to be finely tuned to do many jobs. In eczema, this process begins to break down."

Eczema allows significant loss of fluids through the skin, allows allergens to penetrate, and in severe cases can cause a systemic inflammatory response.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Oregon State University.

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  1. Zhixing Wang, Ling-juan Zhang, Gunjan Guha, Shan Li, Kateryna Kyrylkova, Chrissa Kioussi, Mark Leid, Gitali Ganguli-Indra, Arup K. Indra. Selective Ablation of Ctip2/Bcl11b in Epidermal Keratinocytes Triggers Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Inflammatory Responses in Adult Mice. PLoS ONE, 2012; 7 (12): e51262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051262

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