Tips On Diy Home Improvement ? Guru Article Directory

There are lots of redecorating tasks that you can do in the event you understand them, contrary to a lot more committed and hard home remodeling jobs. Use the tips below to help understand a little more about home improvement jobs and which kind of hard work, time as well as expense is included well before bouncing in.
Consider the low locations around your property, which includes those close to the base of your home. Lower areas on your own residence must get completed with compacted soils to ensure drinking water fails to swimming pool area in this article while in storms and result in deterioration. If h2o swimming pools up around your residence, it can eat out at the cornerstone of your dwelling.
If you are searching for ways to save your valuable basis, do dirt function that will make sure that drinking water flows away from the walls of the property. You can improve drainage in little methods, like routing downspouts farther from your surfaces, or in major kinds, like setting up a constant slope as a result of road degree over the entire yard.
For any awesome fast remodeling to your property, apply new paneling to the wall surfaces. There is no need to spend much money or time so as to make this change, and really should you establish that the individual panels are not to suit your needs, they may be taken down with almost no trouble.
If you intend to add exterior lighting effects, you must consider including action indicator illumination at the same time. Action-sensitive lights makes your home less risky during the night by deterring trespassers or thieves. This means lowering your electric power bills.
Retaining your carpets and rugs clear could make the entire home appear cleaner. Great traffic places on your carpets and rugs especially have to be shampooed or strong cleaned on a regular basis. Make your rugs and carpets, along with your home, feel new once more.
Start accumulating suggestions now, if you are planing to improve your property in the future. If you have lots of ideas at heart, the better it will probably be every time a decision needs to be produced. Don?t dash into selecting shade techniques you don?t would like to pressure on your own out.
Don?t forget about the place outdoors your residence. Your yard can make a wonderful extension to the inside living area. Take full advantage of your outdoor living area by having friends around to get a barbecue, or simply comforting.
Lampshades all look the same. It is possible to spice up your lamp colors by piece of art them using stencils. You are able to give life to your residence, as it can certainly get rid of the unexciting atmosphere you in the past experienced.
Use asphalt sealer to keep your drive way from cracking. Your drive way can be broken by moist climate or the sunlight, particularly when h2o will get within the cracks and freezes. The asphalt sealant will protect against water and direct sun light and maintain the crevices covered to prevent injury from freezing.
If you are looking for a great way to provide your home?s walls a deal with daily life, consider using paneling. This is a fast and fairly low-cost strategy to make your house appearance brand new. When you make a decision that you just do nothing like the design of the individual panels, you can take them off with minimal damage.
A lot of significant redecorating jobs shouldn?t be attempted by way of an amateur. Generally adhere to your guns by only dealing with assignments you understand how to perform. Having an opportunity might sound very good in principle, but the result of faltering can be not simply a total waste, but a waste of cash also.

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Source: http://guru3x.com/tips-on-diy-home-improvement-3/

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BackCountry Nav Is a Good - but Not Sufficient - Guide

With ubiquitous Google Maps installed as standard on smartphone OS market leader Android's devices, why anyone would need anything else? Well, the principal benefit of an app like BackCountry Navigator Pro GPS is that it provides offline access to topographic maps, which represent terrain using graphical contour lines, aiding in outdoor-activity navigation.

Source: http://ectnews.com.feedsportal.com/c/34520/f/632000/s/2279d04d/l/0L0Stechnewsworld0N0Crsstory0C75930A0Bhtml/story01.htm

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Wall Street on course for four-month high after Merkel, Cisco

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Stocks rose on Thursday following comments from German Chancellor Angela Merkel that appeared to back the European Central Bank's efforts to fight the euro zone crisis, while Cisco Systems jumped after it hiked its dividend.

The S&P 500 was on course to hit a four-month closing high in the first significant market move in over a week. Traders are looking for a convincing break above the index's 1,400 level where the market stalled after a 2 percent rally on August 3.

Merkel said ECB chief Mario Draghi's vow to do all that is necessary to defend euro is in line with what European leaders have been saying. Some traders took that as sign Germany may be drawing nearer to backing purchases of sovereign bonds of troubled European nations such as Spain.

"The decline in Spanish yields off of that has been a big boon to the market," said Michael James, senior trader at regional investment bank Wedbush Morgan in Los Angeles.

"There certainly doesn't seem to be that much interest from longs in selling any strength and that is continuing to frustrate the shorts," he said. "As the market continues working higher we could see another squeeze."

The yield on the Spanish 10-year bond fell to 6.57 percent, hitting it lowest level in month.

Cisco Systems Inc rose 8.6 percent after the company said it would hike its dividend 75 percent after surprisingly strong results late Wednesday. The dividend increase countered a gloomy outlook from Cicso on the debt crisis and recession in Europe.

The Dow Jones industrial average gained 67.80 points, or 0.52 percent, to 13,232.58. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index rose 7.62 points, or 0.54 percent, to 1,413.15. The Nasdaq Composite Index added 24.70 points, or 0.81 percent, to 3,055.63.

Gains were capped as Wal-Mart shed 3.2 percent to $72.08. The world's largest retailer posted a bigger-than-expected jump in quarterly profit but forecast full-year earnings that could fall short of Wall Street expectations.

Wal-Mart traditionally marks the end of the U.S. earnings season. Thomson Reuters data shows that of the 468 companies in the S&P 500 that have reported earnings through Thursday morning, 68 percent beat analysts' expectations, about the same rate as over the past four quarters.

Earnings were the bigger driver given the economic data was largely in line with forecasts. The number of Americans filing new claims for jobless benefits edged higher last week although a longer trend fell close to a four-year low, indicating a slowly healing jobs market.

But housing starts unexpectedly dropped 1.1 percent last month as the industry continues to have trouble finding its footing despite some recent signs of life in the sector.

The S&P capped its longest string of gains since December 2010 on August 10, boosted by expectations of more stimulus from central banks in the United States and euro zone to stimulate their respective economies in September.

Facebook Inc declined 5.4 percent to $20.05 as shares hit the market after the expiration of a lockup period, which had prevented sales by some insiders.

Retailer Sears Holdings Corp reported a quarterly loss in line with Wall Street estimates as lower expenses offset weak sales. Shares rose 5.5 percent to $59.72.

Dollar Tree fell 3.3 percent to $48.33 after the discount retailer posted second-quarter earnings and forecast quarterly earnings and sales below analysts' expectations.

(Editing by Kenneth Barry)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/stock-futures-signal-higher-wall-street-open-084458017--finance.html

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How To Rebuild Your Relationship After An Affair | Infidelity Info

Infidelity is a subject that always causes controversy and gets a lot of attention. Recently in the news is the much publicised story of Kristen Stewart and how she has ?cheated? on boyfriend Robert Pattinson. Everybody has an opinion and many emotions are coming to the surface.

I understand the emotional aspect. Anyone who has ever been cheated on knows how much it hurts. The feelings that resurface are often raw and they dictate the opinions and actions of many people.

The attitude I most often experience is that you can never trust a cheater and ending a relationship is always the answer.

But is it really? Can you ever rebuild a relationship after cheating? Can you ever again trust your partner? I believe that you can.

Rebuilding a relationship after cheating is hard work. It takes commitment, time and perseverance.

Here are some important things couples should do when rebuilding their relationship.

1. Accept and work through emotions.

Like I said before, infidelity hurts. It causes many emotions in both partners such as anger, sadness, guilt, regret, distrust,? shame, worthlessness to name a few. People need to recognise that they are feeling these emotions and to accept that this is normal.? A sentence to say to yourself to facilitate this is ?I?m feeling angry because I?m going through an awful situation. I am entitled to be angry.?

Once you accept and own these emotions, you can then start to work through them. Working through emotions allows you to purge them from your system minimising the harmful effects they have on you. There are many techniques you can use to work through emotions including

  • Physical activity (running and punching bags are particularly helpful)
  • Writing (journaling/blogging and or letter writing in particular)
  • Other artistic outlets (painting, performance art etc.)
  • Crying (when you?ve finished crying, the body then releases chemicals into the brain that create feelings which make you feel better)
  • Screaming (Arthur Janov founded a form of therapy called Primal scream therapy where people work through repressed trauma by screaming)
  • Talking

These are just some ways to work through emotions, there are many more available that you can try.

2. Communicate

Many couples shut down and stop talking to one another when infidelity has caused conflict. Communication is vital because you need to be able to share feelings, create plans and work towards a healthier relationship. I understand that it is hard to communicate with someone that you may distrust at first, and the temptation to yell at your partner may be too great to bear, but constant and effective communication is needed to repair the relationship.

3. Don?t blame but own.

It is common for both partners to blame one another for infidelity. Blaming does nothing to repair relationships. It serves to shift responsibility of problems from themselves.? Blaming creates defensiveness in both partners, reduces accountability and prevents partners moving forward. What couples must do is own and acknowledge the individual factors that have contributed to infidelity.

I know this next sentence is going to be controversial and I?ll probably be on the receiving end of some opposing opinions, but a relationship involves two people and both parties must assume responsibility of infidelity. Both played parts and the only way to change the behaviours or attitudes that caused the infidelity is to acknowledge and own them.? ?Individuals must say to themselves ?I didn?t meet to my partner?s need of support (for example), and that has contributed to this situation?. People then have the knowledge and awareness to change this and create a stronger relationship.

4. Identify reasons for staying together

There will be many emotional reasons for breaking up when infidelity occurs, however, the reasons for staying together will be harder to think of. These reasons are important as they will help to keep you motivated and on track when the rebuilding process gets hard (trust me, there will be times that it gets hard and giving up will seem easier).

You will need to do this exercise on your own.? In a quiet spot, think about all the positive aspects of your relationship. What will you miss if your relationship ended? What do you get out of your relationship? Why did you start your relationship in the beginning? Take all these answers and write them down.? Constantly reread this list especially during the tough times.

5. Rebuild trust

When infidelity occurs, trust is destroyed. Trust is possibly the most important aspect in a relationship after love. It is a lot harder to rebuild trust than it is to initially gain it, but it is not impossible.

You will need to sit down with your partner and discuss what needs to happen for trust to be rebuilt. This is where communication comes in. Then after you?ve identified what needs to happen, you then need to do it. You may have to jump through some hoops, you will need to be transparent in your dealings with your partner and you will need to constantly prove yourself. This is also why you need reasons for staying together. You need to make sure this hard work is worth it.

A note to partners who need to have their trust rebuilt the temptation to use this opportunity to force a partner to do whatever you demand and use the threat of separation as a tool to enforce this will be huge, but please, don?t take advantage of this situation. It should be used as an opportunity for revenge. If you abuse this position, eventually your partner will end up leaving. A good way to prevent this is to discuss what needs to happen with your partner and agree together on what to include.

6. Give yourself time

It is important to realise that rebuilding your relationship will not happen overnight. It will take time. How much time is different for each couple. It is important to let the process happen as fast or as slow as it takes. In fact, some would argue that it will be a lifelong process. Once the relationship has been rebuilt, it will be important to continually maintain and strengthen your relationship.

7. Seek professional help

While couples could rebuild their relationships on their own, I think it is important to seek professional help such as counselling.? The counsellor will be able to facilitate the entire process which will help to make it easier and fair for both parties.

While it will be easier to end the relationship, if couples preserver and work at rebuilding their relationship, they will reap the benefits; relationships are often stronger and more fulfilling.

About the author

Rodney Owen is a Counsellor living Sydney, Australia. He has experience in crisis telephone counselling and mental health. He is currently the Director of Bloke Support, an organisation dedicated to helping men and their families overcome emotional difficulties and creating an awareness of men?s issues.

For more information on Rodney and Bloke Support or to download the free eBook ?10 Keys to a Successful Relationship? visit www.blokesupport.com.au.

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Source: http://infidelityinfo.com/how-to-rebuild-your-relationship-after-an-affair/

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Case Study: What 66 Schools Would Cost This Family | The College ...

As I?ve said many times, students shouldn?t be applying to colleges unless they have a good idea of what those institutions will cost them. It?s easy to obtain these formerly elusive cost figures now that schools have installed net price calculators on their web sites.

Today I?m sharing the results from a mom (Lynne) who has used the net price calculators of dozens of schools that her bright daughter (Helen) may consider.

The family, which lives in the state of Washington, has a better chance of cutting its price because Helen is not limiting herself to certain types of schools or a particular geographic region. Her goal is to find a school where she is surrounded by students who love to learn. How refreshing is that?

What you see here is information about the family?s finances and Helen?s academic profile. Below that you?ll find the cost calculations for 66 schools.

Family?s Income & Assets

  • $150,000 combined income
  • $50,000 non-retirement assets
  • $200,000 home equity
  • $500 student assets
  • Parents in mid-fifties
  • One child will be in college with another two years behind

    Western Washington U.

Teenager?s Academics

  • 3.97 GPA (one B+)
  • 4 APs, (4s & 5s); 3 more senior year
  • 5 honors (wherever available)
  • 2nd & 3rd yr Spanish university-level classes
  • Approx #18 in class of 400. Many music classes (no honors available) probably brought that down.
  • Enjoys every subject but especially music and math/science.
  • 2 years in high school video production program; won several prizes but doesn?t want to go into show biz
  • ACT combined 32 (no prep);
  • SAT II: US History 740; Math II 790; Chem 800 ? will take SAT I in the fall.
  • Her PSAT in 10th & 11th grade was 214.? (Editor?s note: National Merit Scholarship range is usually between 210 to 215.)

Student?s Interests/Passions

  • Instrumental Music (three classes in three instruments this year; played in national festival; gives piano lessons)
  • Volunteering for trail building crews (five one-week long trips over the last three years
  • Teaching x-c skiing to kids ((fourth year coming up)
  • All things outdoorsy ? hiking/backpacking, biking, skiing, paddling.

We?ve got a good income now, but it?s doubled in the last couple of years so we don?t have a lot of retirement savings. So while we?re happy to pay for her college education, we don?t want to pay more than we have to! I am a little concerned about making sure the academics are adequate for her. Really though it sounds corny, her main interest is being surrounded by other students who love to learn.

Net Price Calculator Results for Helen

Bottom Line:

In summing up the results, Lynne noted that the less selective private college (as opposed to the private universities) and smaller state institutions were the most reasonably priced for her daughter. That?s something that I?ve been saying for a long time.

Schools without instantly recognizable brand names must work harder to attract students and that means providing merit awards. The sticker prices of these schools also are typically not as expensive. Less well-known schools in the South and Southeast (Hendrix, Milsaps, McDaniel)? and Midwest (St. Olaf, Cornell College, Beloit, Lawrence, Hope) that are on this list, for instance, have sticker prices that are $10,000 or more cheaper than the brand name schools.

In contrast, the most elite schools don?t have to worry about their prices, which is why these institutions are now bumping up against the $60,000 milestone.? While the most elite schools don?t provide merit aid to rich students, they will give need-based aid to students like Helen, whose family makes $150,000. A family in this income range can?t afford the published prices of the most costly schools.? Even with need-based aid, however, the elite private schools will still cost more than the schools that provide merit scholarships.

FYI, does anybody else find it outrageous that Brown University, for instance, would only knock $1,627 off its price.

If you have any observations about this list or topic, please share in the comment box below.

Lynn O?Shaughnessy is the author of the second edition of The College Solution:? A Guide for Everyone Looking for the Right School at the Right Price.

?

Source: http://www.thecollegesolution.com/case-study-what-66-schools-would-cost-this-family

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New toilet developed: Needs no connection to water supply

ScienceDaily (Aug. 15, 2012) ? There are 2.6 billion people in the world who have no access to a decent toilet. An interdisciplinary team of Swiss aquatic researchers and designers from Austria won with their invention as part of the 'Re-invent the Toilet' competition, sponsored by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation a special recognition award. The new toilet model will provide a sanitary solution that ensures human dignity and hygiene, while also being environment-friendly and economically feasible. All for less than five cents per day and person.

A total of 22 universities and research facilities submitted proposals to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in 2011 for the 'Re-Invent the Toilet Challenge' (RTTC). Goal of the competition: invent the toilet of the future! Prerequisites: the new toilet should need no sewer and no outside energy source, should be part of a recycling and treatment system for wastes and should cost no more than five cents per day per person. By the end of 2011, eight teams were still in the running, among them the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston and the California Institute of Technology. They all presented their projects August 14 in Seattle (USA).

The Toilet is also a small Waterworks

Project leadership lay in the hands of process engineer Tove Larsen. For years her work at Eawag has been concerned with the separation of urine and feces. "It was obvious that separation technology should also be part of the competition model," says Larsen, "only thus can the valuable raw materials and the water in urine and feces be recovered efficiently." A separating toilet acceptable in every culture and to every user does not yet exist; it must therefore be developed and designed. The result: a modern squatting toilet. The special features of the 'Diversion' model are not only separation of urine and a clever seal against odors but, more important, the use of very little water, about 1 to 1.5 litre per individual use. "This is absolutely decisive for cleaning the toilet, hand washing and the anal hygiene with water practiced by Muslims and Hindus," says Larsen. The new separation toilet needs no connection to a water supply. Every time a user operates a foot pedal, water flows into the small water reservoir and already used water is pumped upwards behind the toilet. Cleansed by means of a membrane filter, the used water is also guaranteed free of germs, thanks to electrolysis by a solar powered electrode.

A Business Model for one's Business

For Tove Larsen, it is not only the new technology in the toilet that is decisive. "It is important that our toilet is part of a total sanitation system that can be managed by the local people -- cost-covering or even with a profit." A major concern of the Eawag-EOOS team has thus been the research and development of a logistic concept for transport that is applicable to conditions in informal settlements in low and middle income countries. A modular system of self-sealing feces containers and urine barrels, along with a transport vehicle, makes the collecting tour as efficient and hygienic as the toilet itself. Finally, the researchers have already worked out how urine and feces can be processed in semi-central treatment plants into saleable products like fertilizer and biogas. A complete business model has thus been developed for the 'Diversion' toilet, a type of contracting: a local entrepreneur rents the toilets to the users, manages the collecting tours, runs the treatment and processing plants and finally sells the products.

The Challenge is yet to come

The prize money of $40,000 US awarded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is payment and praise alike for the research team. But the engineers, technicians, social scientists and designers can't rest on their laurels. Up to now they have shown that their system can function. Now real prototypes of their toilet have to be built and tested. That's the challenge until the end of 2013. It will be some years yet before the 'Diversion' toilet, the collecting vehicle and the processing plants can be put into widespread use all over the world. For Larsen however it is already clear that: "Whether our system can really become established depends on the quality of our business model. No system that depends permanently on subsidies can function over the long term."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by EAWAG: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/8kKOm6uAH_I/120815082705.htm

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Be Your Best Self In Organizational Culture and Leadership

I have written a great deal about the all-important topic of leadership in Corporate America, specifically claiming that we are doing our companies and their people an injustice by having predominantly male senior management.

In general, men and women have different leadership strengths.

Some prevalent female strengths include:?

  • Engaging conversations
  • Meaningful relationships
  • Readiness to ask questions
  • Openness to opinions, advice and help from others
  • Listening to understand and learn
  • Recognition of people?s strengths over weaknesses
  • Inclusiveness in decision making when appropriate
  • Tendency to be careful
  • Empathy

Some common male strengths include:?

  • Confidence
  • Decisiveness
  • Risk taking
  • Drive for results
  • Boldness

For companies to reach their maximum success, including financial, we need to take advantage of all of these leadership competencies. We need workplaces where men and women can learn from and grow with each other on equal footing.

We ?Are ?Much ?More ?Likely ?To ?Create ?Winning ?Organizational ?Cultures ?When Women Are Significantly Involved

We need women and men functioning together in leadership teams developing winning organizational cultures where people are aligned, loyal, share a passion for their work, help and encourage colleagues, and have great respect for their senior leaders.

This kind of organization culture is too rare. ?Just about every company?s culture can be improved, and the specific strengths that women bring to the table are much more powerful in improving company culture than those more typical of men. For example, a winning culture comes from internal relationships, founded on trust and feelings of?being appreciated, valued, heard, and helped to succeed.?? These qualities come more naturally from women. Norean Sharpe, Dean of the undergraduate program of Georgetown?s McDonough School of Business, observes that women are more apt to say thank you to their colleagues. That is huge.

Women Do Not Need To Act Like Men

We?ve all heard stories about women in the past who have had to fight against the odds to succeed to high-level positions, and, as a result, have become ?hardened.? These stories likely hold some truth because of the limited number of leadership positions available to women and the tenacity required to obtain them. However, I think times are changing. I believe that as leadership in the business world evolves, women will realize that their natural leadership strengths are what we need, not for them to act like men.

For example, Sheryl Sandberg, COO of Facebook and a hero to businesswomen across the country, will share her hopes and fears and offers that her work is professional and personal at the same time, and that is natural and fine. Men can learn from Sandberg.

Examples Of Great Female Leaders

I have known many women who are very intelligent, dedicated to their companies, devoted to their clients, and committed to meeting and exceeding financial goals who, at the same time, definitely use their soft skills to help people feel appreciated?and important. In fact, the single best leaders I have ever known are both women? Christine LaSala in business and Julie Foudy in sports, and here?s why.

Christine? LaSala ?headed ?the ?New ?York ?and ?New ?Jersey ?offices ?for ?Johnson & Higgins, two very successful and demanding offices. ?She held herself and her teams of approximately 1,500 to very high standards. She gave a lot and she expected a lot, yet she always found time when help was needed, and she took a personal interest in everyone. ?They could sense that she genuinely cared for them and did not have a personal agenda. ?That was 15 years ago and, to this day, many hundreds stay in touch with Christine and credit her with the success they have enjoyed in their careers.

If I were to pick just a few of Christine?s qualities that make her so effective, I would identify her listening, quiet confidence, her wanting others to succeed, and her readiness to help and encourage them to great work and succeed.

Julie Foudy captained the U.S. Women?s Soccer Team from 1991 to 2004, a team that won two gold medals in the World Cup and two gold medals in the Olympics. She was President of the Women?s Sports Foundation, the guardian angel for Title IX and for the rights of women and children, and she is the founder of The Julie Foudy Sports Leadership Academy for girls aged 12 to 18.

Julie has been sought after by congressional committees to help them understand the impact of sports and fitness in the lives of school-aged girls and by ABC and ESPN TV to cover major women?s soccer competitions around the world. I have seen great women, athletes, and leaders in their own rights, such as Mia Hamm and Brandi Chastain, seem to defer to Julie for leadership with charitable activities, just as they did on the playing fields.

Just a few of Julie?s qualities that make her such a special leader include her enthusiasm, ready smile, being all about the team instead of being all about herself, her confidence, and the ?we can do this? attitude that she engenders in others.

By the way, Christine and Julie continue to be active with their leadership, mentoring and helping others succeed.

So, my message is:?women?we need you, we need you to use your natural leadership competencies, we need you to be you!

Just be your best selves! You will greatly help our organizational cultures and, thus, our financial results

Photo Credit: freedigitalphotos.net

John Keyser (3 Posts)

John Keyser(read posts) is CEO and founder of Common Sense Leadership, which offers business leadership consulting and coaching to executives who want to develop winning organizational cultures that produce sustainable outstanding financial results, and who seek continuous improvement within their teams and within themselves. John Keyser?s web site is www.commonsenseleadership.comwww.commonsenseleadership.com. 202.236-2800


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Source: http://www.inpowerwomen.com/be-your-best-self-in-organizational-culture/

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A Family Studies Degree Can Be Customized In Order To Suit Each ...

Home ? Business ? A Family Studies Degree Can Be Customized In Order To Suit Each Student

It is not uncommon that a great many college students are unclear on their career path; and those that ultimately know, question if the classes they may take are going to build the important skills to satisfy their future career. If you?re undecided and want to develop real-world skills, there are two undergraduate programs which could allow you to realize your professional objectives: The family studies degree and the interdisciplinary studies degree.

What can I do by having a family studies degree?

For college students who know that they want a profession where they help people, a degree in family studies equips them to do exactly that. Areas of focus include child settings, which focuses on child development; family and community settings, which examines the development of a child from adolescence through adulthood; and family finance, which concentrates on helping family and individuals to gain control over their finances. Other qualifications include Early Childhood Education Teacher Certification, Family Financial Counseling and Planning Certificate and Certified Family Life Educator.

This degree program can result in work as a counselor, social worker and researcher. For graduates who want to enter the workforce right away, potential careers include working in schools as a teacher, working for private or government-backed programs for youth, and being a childcare provider.

To whom is the interdisciplinary studies degree designed for?

A degree in interdisciplinary studies is perfect for individuals who have not finished their degree, or have finished some college, part or full time employment or are unemployed. The interdisciplinary degree presents various majors including Applied Communications, Business Institutions, Health Service Administration and Human Studies. This qualification is extremely flexible , can be tailored to an individuals requirements and brings life and work experiences to the class room.

Undergraduate programs and degrees in family studies and interdisciplinary studies let students to target the aspects of the course that are most appropriate to their aspirations, allowing them to chase postgraduate degrees or their dream job.

If you?re looking for information on the best human development and family studies degree or want to learn more about a good masters degree program, make sure that you visit Uri.edu/prov today.

Source: http://blog.expomarkets.com/a-family-studies-degree-can-be-customized-in-order-to-suit-each-student

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Researchers crack retinal code to deliver artificial vision

10 hrs.

Cornell University?researchers have devised a new method for restoring?human vision by looking into the way retinal cells communicate with the brain and each other. The result, they claim, is an enormous leap in quality over existing visual prosthetics.

Artificial vision may seem like science fiction, and it's true that the?kind you see in?"Star Trek" or "Blade Runner" still is, but there are projects all over the world that are successfully giving back?partial vision to to blind patients. There are, however, a number of obstacles: the size of the microelectrodes, the way of powering the device, the type of blindness the person has and other factors prevent current treatments from doing much more than letting patients see a few monochrome blobs.

That's enough to safely?navigate a room or street (no small improvement), but what about recognizing faces and objects, or reading signs and symbols? New research by Dr Sheila Nirenberg at Cornell?and Chethan Pandarinath at Stanford University claims to make such levels of?acuity possible.

Their method doesn't rely on just?making electrodes smaller or increasing the size of the image sensor. Instead, they looked at how the healthy retina communicates with the brain and tried to emulate that.

The retina is a?complicated, multi-layered web of cells that are networked together and constantly communicating.?Some forms of blindness result from a?degeneration of the light-sensitive cells (rods and cones) while the rest of the neural circuitry remains in place. Loss of any entire cell type would cause blindness as well, but when this particular type happens, that means that the ganglion cells, which collect information from multiple rods and cones and collate it, are intact and could still potentially send signals to the brain.

It's as if two people were talking on the telephone: the conversation will end either if the line itself is disrupted, or if one of the people hangs up. In this type of blindness, the line is fine and the brain is still listening, but no one is talking on the other end. And as it turns out, the replacement?signals sent by existing retinal implants?have been extremely garbled. What the researchers?did was to find out how to send a signal that is much more easily understood.

By studying ganglion cells closely, Nirenberg arrived at a sort of algorithm that describes how the ganglion?cells expect to be fed information from the rods and cones. By taking the normal image signal and passing it through an "encoder" running this algorithm, their device can send that image to ganglion cells in such a way that a much clearer image is sent?to the brain. You can see the differences in this diagram:

The technique, which they call "optogenic stimulation,"?works like this: the digital image, provided by a camera or image sensor in the eye, is sent to the encoder, which then sends the special encoded image to a microscopic projector. The projector shines onto the ganglion cells, which have received gene therapy so that they respond to light somewhat in the way the missing cells would have. And then the ganglion cells send that image along.

With it, they claim that 9,800 ganglion cells, properly treated and exposed with the device, will be able to "bring?prosthetic capabilities into the realm of normal image representation." That is to say, a grid of 100-by-100 of them would give enough visual information that a person would have a serious semblance or real vision.

The experiments thus far, successful as they have been, were?all performed on mouse retinas. But the researchers see no reason why it should not be attempted for humans as well; Nirenberg says that the gene therapy portion is the most important thing to test thoroughly, though similar techniques have already been used in the retina for other diseases.

Nirenberg and Pandarinath's paper, "Retinal prosthetic strategy with the capacity to restore normal vision," was published recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Devin Coldewey is a contributing writer for NBC News Digital. His personal website is coldewey.cc.

Source: http://www.futureoftech.msnbc.msn.com/technology/futureoftech/researchers-crack-retinal-code-deliver-artificial-vision-942282

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